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Water Purification
There are various opinions about water purifiers out there. Some questions up for debate is - Is is good to take out all bacteria? Is it health to drink water that has no nutritional value? Will a mineral filter replace all the lost minerals? Doesn't water purifiers increase bad bacteria in the water? All these questions are valid and should be asked.
Just think of this: If water form a tap is "clean" what is making the filters dirty? Just think about it!!!!! Is it the polypropylene filter turning brown from clean water or is there something in our water that is causing it to turn brown? If you would take Valpre water and filter it through a sediment filter, it will not turn brown, even with added minerals.
Some standards on South African products require companies that produces certain products to purify their water before using it to make the end-product. What does this tell us?
There is a downside to all purifiers, and that is if you do not look after your filters. It is extremely important to no drink water from your purifier is the filters has not been replaced at the right time. One of the best ways to get the cleanest water is a Reverse Osmosis Purifier. This purifier removes all particles bigger than 0,0001 of a Micron. The last stage in the 7 Stage Reverse Osmosis Purifier is a mineral injector. This Mineral ball/filter redeposists some minerals back into your water supply. One the water reaches your mineral filter, the water will flow over the mineral stones and the result is Mineral water on tap!
Water purification
Water purification is the process that is used to removing undesirable materials, chemicals and biological contaminants from water. The reason for purification is to get water fit for the desired purpose it will be used for. These reasons could be to meet the requirements for human consumption, medical, pharmacology, chemical and industrial applications. There is five major filtration methods for purifying water following the filtration spectrum. It is particle filtration, micro filtration, ultra filtration, nano filtration and the last is Reverse Osmosis otherwise known as Hyper filtration.
Reverse Osmosis Purification
Reverse osmosis was first observed in 1748 by Jean Nollet. But was only used in laboratories and only 200 years after this was reverse osmosis in use to filter water for human consumption to clean sea-water. Reverse Osmosis works by the exclusion of particles that is bigger then ,0001 micron in size by a membrane that is designed to holes this small. Reverse part of the process is when water wash over the surface of the membrane and so doing washes away all the impurity particles that can’t go threw these small holes and keeping the membrane clean and working. Water that went threw the reverse osmosis process are free of particles. One of the most crucial places to use water that were put threw Reverse Osmosis and has absolutely no contaminants in it is water that is used to clean high voltage power lines. If the water would have any kind of conductivity in it, it would be disaster for any person close to it.
When using the Reverse Osmosis Purification method you will put pre filters in-front of the membrane to help protect the membrane from clogging up and putting the reverse osmosis purification system out of work. The pre filters will very in what type are used and what there purpose in the purification system will be. These water filters will remove particles op to a curtain size. There could be from one to as many as desired pre-filters before the membrane. The water that is rejected cant be put back into the reverse osmosis purifier because it contains particles that will block the membrane in the reverse osmosis process.
Home Reverse Osmosis Purification System
In a home reverse osmosis purification system there are normally four to seven filter stages that the water will go threw before it will be at the desired quality for consumption. The first stage of filtration in any water purification system will always be particle filtration to remove sediment and contaminants of curtain size from water. The second filter and all the rest of the filters before the membrane in the Reverse Osmosis purification system would be there to remove smaller particles every time it goes threw the next filter. The reason for this is to protect the membrane so that it can remove only the smallest of particles and not get clogged up easily. The amount and type of filter for each reverse osmosis purifier will very from the amount and contamination of the water source of the purifier.
Some of these Reverse Osmosis Purification system has a mineral filter or filters after the membrane filter so that some of the minerals that humans need are put back into the water. This ensures that the water consumed has some nutritional value to it. If the Reverse osmosis purification system doesn’t have a mineral filter or filters it will only hydrate the body.
Here is the process of reverse osmosis explained
Formally, reverse osmosis is the process of forcing a solvent from a region of high solute concentration through a semipermeable membrane to a region of low solute concentration by applying a pressure in excess of the osmotic pressures.
The membranes used for reverse osmosis have a dense barrier layer in the polymer matrix where most separation occurs. In most cases the membrane is designed to allow only water to pass through this dense layer while preventing the passage of solutes (such as salt ions). This process requires that a high pressure be exerted on the high concentration side of the membrane, usually 2–17 bar (30–250 psi) for fresh and brackish water, and 40–70 bar (600–1000 psi) for sea-water, which has around 24 bar (350 psi) natural osmotic pressure which must be overcome.
This process is best known for its use in desalination(removing the salt from sea water to get fresh water), but it has also been used to purify fresh water for medical, industrial and domestic applications since the early 1970s.
Osmosis describes how solvent moves between two solutions separated by a semipermeable membrane to reduce concentration differences between the solutions. When two solutions with different concentrations of a solute are mixed, the total amount of solutes in the two solutions will be equally distributed in the total amount of solvent from the two solutions. Instead of mixing the two solutions together, they can be put in two compartments where they are separated from each other by a semipermeable membrane. The semipermeable membrane does not allow the solutes to move from one compartment to the other, but allows the solvent to move. Since equilibrium cannot be achieved by the movement of solutes from the compartment with high solute concentration to the one with low solute concentration, it is instead achieved by the movement of the solvent from areas of low solute concentration to areas of high solute concentration. When the solvent moves away from low concentration areas, it causes these areas to become more concentrated. On the other side, when the solvent moves into areas of high concentration, solute concentration will decrease. This process is termed osmosis. The tendency for solvent to flow through the membrane can be expressed as "osmotic pressure", since it is analogous to flow caused by a pressure differential.
In reverse osmosis, in a similar setup as that in osmosis, pressure is applied to the compartment with high concentration. In this case, there are two forces influencing the movement of water: the pressure caused by the difference in solute concentration between the two compartments (the osmotic pressure) and the externally applied pressure.
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